icon 0

stories and histories HOW NDIGBO CAN RESTORE THEIR LOST IDENTITY

IGBO BU IGBO:
HOW NDIGBO CAN RESTORE THEIR LOST IDENTITY

By
Rev Fr Angelo Chidi Unegbu

1) The phrase _Igbo bu Igbo_ literally meaning ‘Ndigbo that are Ndigbo’ is usually used in addressing and greeting an Igbo audience. This three-word phrase, however, addresses a more fundamental issue, namely, the Igbo identity. Above all, it points out that though being born in Igboland or by (an) Igbo parent(s) or speaking Igbo or living in Igboland qualifies one to be an Igbo, it does not automatically make one a _bona fide_ Igbo. One rather becomes a true Igbo by acquiring certain characteristics in thoughts and character. These are the characteristics that have for hundreds of centuries defined the Igbo person and Igboland. Interestingly, these Igbo values were carefully codified in Igbo axioms and largely transmitted orally.

2) Some of these core Igbo values are: (1) _Igwe bu ike_ (unity is strength), (2) _Eziokwu bu ndu_ (truth is life), (3) _Egbe bere ugo bere_ (live and let live), (4) _Onye aghala nwanneya_ (be your brothers’/ sister’s keeper or do not leave your brothers or sisters behind in your march towards success), (5) _Ako na uche_ (possession of wisdom and knowledge) and (6) _Uchu_ (hard work). Other values such as the belief in God’s existence, belief in retribution/ karma, belief in the Afterlife and so on are taken for granted. The acquisition of all these features made, and still makes, one an _Igbo bu Igbo_, that is, an authentic Igbo person. Captain Hugh Crow one of the leading slave merchants of the 18th century had this to say about Igbo people: “The Eboes, who are also from a neighbouring country, have already been spoken of as a superior race, and the inhabitants, generally, are a fair dealing people, and much inclined to a friendly traffic with the Europeans, who humour their peculiarities.”1

3) It was the assimilation of these behavioral traits that distinguished the Igbo tribe from other African tribes. Apart from Captain Crow, other European slave merchants easily observed these qualities which put a high premium on Igbo slaves. Olaudah Equiano also called Gustavus Vassa the African, the author of _Equiano’s Travels_, noted this as well. He recalled that as a young Igbo slave in England, one of his duties was to single out those who were Igbo anytime a slave cargo landed from Africa.2 Crow, while speaking further about the Igbo people states: “They (Igbo slaves) are preferred in the West India colonies for their fidelity and utility... (they are) the most industrious of any of the tribes taken to the colonies.”3 It is on this note that some Igbo linguistic analysts hold that the word _oyibo_ which today refers to a European or a “white man or woman” was a nickname given to the European slave merchants due to the constant question they put up to enquire whether a slave was Igbo or not: _O bu onye I(g)bo_? (Is he or she an Igbo?), which the white man poorly pronounced _oyi Ibo_?

4) These Igbo behavioral traits that made one really Igbo were transmitted to children through parents and adults of the extended family and even of the community. Thus, Ndigbo say _obughi otu onye n’azu nwa_ (a child is not trained by one person but by the community). In those days, mothers had the special duty of training their girls to become real Igbo women, wives and mothers. The curriculum would include training in house chores, cooking, neatness, sexual morality, truthfulness, upbringing of children, respect for their husbands, general human relationships and so on. In the precolonial times, there was hardly an Igbo girl who married that was not a virgin.4 The boys on the other hand were groomed into manhood under the tutelage of their fathers who schooled them on hard work (especially farming and hunting), bravery, loyalty to Igbo customs, laws and traditions, integrity of character. The content of the lesson on integrity would include truthfulness, keeping to promises, keeping secrets, protection of their families and the society at large. These qualities were not only transmitted by parental example but also through organized tutorials that took place normally after night meals, and during farming or hunting periods. These tutorials were always embellished with adages, idioms, stories and folktales. In those days, education was not limited by time or space. Children who acquired these qualities became really Igbo in word and deed.

5) Meanwhile, those who did not succeed in acquiring these core values were referred to as _efulefus_. The _efulefus_ were detested by Ndigbo not only because of their inability to imbibe the core Igbo virtues but because they could become avenues through which the Igbo society could be invaded by enemies. _Efulefus_ could easily reveal vital information to the enemy in exchange for a box of snuff or a bottle of palm wine or even for nothing. When they get married, _efulefus_ hardly fend for their families or properly train their children. Even though they were allowed to live freely in the society, they were not desired because they were likely to give birth to their kind. At death, they were in most cases buried in the evil forest so that they do not reincarnate. The Igbo evaluation of _efulefu_ was confirmed during the colonial invasion of Igboland when the colonial masters installed a good number of _efulefus_ as warrant chiefs who were used in penetrating, subduing and destabilizing Igboland. During the Nigeria-Biafra war, the _efulefus_ were also used by the enemy camp in working against their own people. This time, they were nicknamed saboteurs or ‘sabo’ for short. Till date, the _efulefus_ still militate against the Igbo unity, peace, progress and survival.

6) It was the bid to rid the society of criminals and _efulefus_ that Ndigbo placed high premium on morality, made no laws against slavery and human sacrifice. Slavery was among other things seen as a licit way of getting rid of them. There were not a few parents who sold their naughty or ‘efulefued’ children into slavery. Today, one still observes some elderly people recalling with nostalgia the days when _efulefus_ were sold into slavery, whenever they were confronted with the menace of a naughty child.

7) It was the crave for a perfect society guided by justice, peace and progress that led Ndigbo to the perpetration and legalization of some heinous crimes (even against innocent children), especially when judged from today’s standard. If in any way, either through physical signs or divination, a child was seen as a potential agent of misfortune for the society, that child was thrown into the evil forest. Should a child grow the upper teeth before the lower, it would be interpreted as a sign that the child will bring calamity, disorder or corruption of morals to the society. Thus, such children were thrown into the evil forests where they were allowed to die. Twins were also seen in the same light and were not spared. These gory and condemnable acts were latter used especially by missionaries and colonizers as reasons for seeing all Igbo behavioral traits as evil and satanic. This, of course, is a failure of the rules of logic and discernment.

8) Despite the _Umunna bu ike_ philosophy of _Igbo bu Igbo_, they have always remained open to other cultures and peoples. Being a people that are versatile and enterprising in trade and commerce, Ndigbo treasure and maintain intercultural, social and economic relationships with the outside world. Thus, they welcome visitors especially when they are peace-loving and progressive-minded. Ndigbo easily make wherever they find themselves their home, even in the land of their enemies. Their gregarious or community spirit makes it easy for them to partner with others in executing herculean tasks. The successful coalition with their neigbours to carry out the Aba Women’s War (Riot) (1929) is a good example.

9) The result of the high moral and behavioural standard of Ndigbo was that they became one of the first human societies that succeeded in developing an economically buoyant and ‘safe’ society. Ndigbo became the first recorded humans that succeed in establishing a crime-free society without policemen, no prisons and no capital punishment! Court cases did not last long because no one told a lie under oath! Taking bribes to conceal truth or to bear false witness was unheard of. Many may not believe that there were no prostitutes in Igboland before the colonial invasion of Africa. Ndigbo had no specific word for rape, pedophile, incest and other sexual vices because these rarely happened. These would belong to ‘alu’ (taboo) which was highly detested. According to Olaudah Equiano, there were also “no beggars” in Igboland in his time because Ndigbo were “unacquainted with idleness”!5

10) No Igbo political leader, judge or anyone in the precolonial time was paid for services he or she rendered to the people. Priests, like political leaders and judges, had other jobs that secured their livelihood. People saw it as an honour being requested or chosen to serve their community. The Igbo people are believed today to be the first in the history of humanity to have developed the most functional and least expensive democratic system of government. According to Crow, “their general honesty, …affords a favourable prognostic of what the negro character would be if placed under the restrains and precepts of an enlightened system of jurisdiction.”6

11) The success of Igbo democracy was based mainly on their system of governance, namely, republicanism, which detests any form of authoritarianism, dictatorship or tyranny be it political, economic, religious or otherwise. Thus, Ndigbo remains the only known organised human society that has no history of kingship (_Igbo enwe eze_). Till date, they are a people that cherish freedom and autonomy above all things. Thus, during the colonial era, “no Nigerian people resisted colonialism more tenaciously than the Igbo”.7 Even when it was clear that they lacked what it took to face the military onslaught of the British with sophisticated weapons and ammunitions they fought anyway. The eventual “conquest of Igboland took over twenty years of constant military action.”8 According to Elisabeth Isichei, “what is astonishing, is not that Igbo resistance was unsuccessful, but that the Igbo, in the teeth of all these difficulties, resisted at all.”9 For daring to wage war against the all-powerful Britain, the British hatred for Ndigbo began. Even after the conquest, the two remained suspicious of each other. Britain was convinced that Ndigbo would never give up on their fight for freedom. They were right. It was not surprising that Ndigbo remained at the forefront of the agitations and struggles for Nigerian independence that was granted in 1960. Britain left but the enmity for Ndigbo remained till date. In their quest for freedom, the Christian foreign missionaries were also not spared. Thus, during the clamour for political independence the Igbo people were also agitating for an ecclesiastical independence. They wanted their own people to be in charge of their churches too. Mazi Mbonu Ojike’s slogan captured vividly the yearning of the majority of Ndigbo at the time: “to boycott all boycottables” which means to be Igbo, eat Igbo, dress Igbo, speak Igbo and govern Igbo – to be Igbo in word and deed. One may cage the Igbo people or even kill them but nothing can cage or kill their innate desire to be free from external dominion.

12) The source of Ndigbo’s resilience in resisting any form of dominion especially before and during the colonial invasion of Igboland was not based on the strength of their ammunitions or wealth but on the power of their unity. Igbo alliance made Igboland formidable, impenetrable and unconquerable by intruders, until the British found willing partners in the _Efulefus_ of Igboland, from whom they appointed warrant chiefs. Consequently, titled men, priests and revered elders that were the custodians of Igbo unity lost their positions. Eventually, Igboland capitulated together with most of its agelong values. More so, with commercialization of politics, being an _efulefu_ became lucrative and attractive whereas being an Igbo bu Igbo became infamous and primitive.

13) Without intending to do so, Christian missionaries also contributed, unfortunately, to this division. Ndigbo were further grouped between Ndi Uka (considered to be a derogatory word given to Christians, literally meaning ‘trouble makers’) and Ndi Obodo (Non-Christians); Catholics and Anglicans and so on. Brothers and sisters were taught in Church literally to segregate among each other. And with the influx of Pentecostal churches, Igbo Christians were further divided between ‘born again’ and ‘non-born again’. Yet the God all of them professed lives in an undivided Trinity. The cacophony became louder with the boom of Western education. Literates were separated from illiterates, white collar jobs were separated from the traditional jobs, and elites from commoners. The Igbo battered unity collapsed on the weight of all these. It was these events that Chinua Achebe in Things Fall Apart captured when Obierika told Okonkwo: “Now he has won our brothers, and our clan can no longer act like one. He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart.”10 With the puncture of Igbo unity the inversion of Igboland and the erosion of morals was launched.

14) From the colonial times till date, enemies of Ndigbo have realized that disunity was and remains the only way to subdue Igboland. This belief influenced the tactic adopted by the enemy forces in subduing Ndigbo during the Nigeria-Biafra war. It also informed the creation of states thereafter, which geared towards making sure that Ndigbo do not unite again to agitate for their freedom or to fight another war. Thus, Igboland was bitterly dismembered with military fiat, setting them against each other. Some found themselves in Delta, others in River, Benue, Cross River and so on. Many Igbo towns and villages began mutating or changing their Igbo names. The cliché that “Ndigbo ahughi onwe ha n’anya” (Ndigbo hate themselves) was also injected into the minds of Ndigbo to poison their minds against each other. For any politician to succeed in Igboland today, he must profess directly or indirectly his or her aversion to or at least disinterestedness for Igbo unity. Sadly, not a few Ndigbo today are ready to sacrifice the Igbo unity at the altar of political office or appointment. In all these, one sees the handwriting of the efulefus and why the efulefus were dreaded by Igbo forebears. It is only now that one understands the wisdom of Igbo forebears in making sure that the society was free of efulefus.

15) In order to restore the lost golden ages of Ndigbo, I mean that exemplar of Igbo society bound in love, justice, peace, progress and unity, nothing new or extra-ordinary needs to be done. Ndigbo require only to unite and then become Ndigbo in words and deeds. With that, Igboland would retrace their steps on the path of progress. This is not a call to a complete restoration of the past, since the obnoxious practices of the past like human sacrifices, killing of twins, slavery and so on should remain condemned. It is rather a re-appropriation of the great positive Igbo values, the values that made Igbo truly Igbo (Igbo bu Igbo)!

16) As we wait for the emergence of a regional government or sovereign nation, which remains the only foundation upon which Ndigbo and Igboland will blossom once again, let us for the meantime do the following:

a) The same way Ndigbo unite in building churches, market and transport unions; the same manner they plan and organize festivals, August meetings; the same manner they form Igbo/ town meetings everywhere they are, the same way should they also come together to sponsor infrastructural developments like roads, electricity (solar), refuse management, hospitals, quality schools, pipe borne water and so on. To have an endurable system, they should establish lasting structures comprising of men and women of integrity. Effort should be made that the efulefus are not part of it. They do not need any foreign assistance from any government or loan from China or engineers from England to do any of these because Ndigbo “zuru ka emee”. If transparent enough, the Alaigbo project is one laudable example. The case of how Ndigbo were able to bounce back economically and otherwise shortly after the Biafran war, that left the region in dust and ashes, without external help tells one how tenacious and gifted they are.

b) Furthermore, Ndigbo must be ready to forget their differences created by bitter past experiences, and unite. Once this unity is achieved, progress will follow. Unity will also help restore our relationship with our estranged brothers and sisters. Caveat: Every Igbo man or woman knows an efulefu when he or she sees one. Every effort must be made to make sure that they do not occupy leadership positions or political offices.

c) Water on the soil brings life and joy but blood on the same soil brings curses and woes. The soil of Igboland is saturated with the blood of her sons and daughters. Ndigbo must map out a day on which to remember all their brothers and sisters who have been murdered in the cause of defending Igbo unity and freedom. We must unite with them in our struggle for peace, progress and freedom.

d) All traditional rulers must unite. All Igbo religious leaders of all denominations must unite. Nothing whatsoever should ever divide Ndigbo again, not politics, not religion, not worldview. Our strength is not in our wealth or military prowess but in our unity, and the beauty of this unity lies in our individual and collective differences. However, Ndigbo must be watchful because Igbo unity is the biggest monster that all their enemies, both local (including efulefus) and foreign, dread.

Igbo bu Igbo, ekenee m unu oo!

REFERENCES
1. Hugh Crow, The Memoirs of Captain Hugh Crow: The Life and Times of a Slave Trade Captain (London: Longman, 1830), 197.
2. Paul Edwards ed., Equiano’s Travels: The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olauda Equiano or Gustavus Vassa the African (Long Grove: Waveland Press, 2006), 7.
3. Hugh Crow, The Memoirs of Captain Hugh Crow, 199.
4. Edwards, Equiano’s Travels, 7.
5. Ibid.
6. Crow, The Memoirs of Captain Hugh Crow, 197.
7. Elisabeth Isichei, A History of the Igbo People (London: Macmillan 1977), 119.
8. Ibid.
9. Isichei, A History of the Igbo People 122.
10. Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart (New York: Penguin, 1959/2017), 152.


Please help us share this, using our share botton.
Bookmark Our website https://wap.org.ng


Author: adex3g 1 year
0 121


Please we need your reply to this topic.
Login or Register

Stories And HistoriesLast 40 Post List

BISHOP FOTIOS OF KORYTSA (1862 - SEPTEMBER 9, 1906)
Bishop Fotios of Korytsa (1862 - September 9, 1906)
Bishop Fotios Of Korytsa (1862 - September 9, 1906)

Born Fotios Kalpidis Near Trapezounta In Pontos In 1862. He Was The Metropolitan Of Korytsa, During The Time Of The Macedonian Struggle, And A Leader During A Turbulent Time For The Greeks...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 5 seconds
Comment 0 . Views 1
DIONYSIOS PHILOSOPHOS (1541 - SEPTEMBER 11, 1611)
Dionysios Philosophos (1541 - September 11, 1611)
Dionysios Philosophos (1541 - September 11, 1611)

Born In Paramythia, Thesprotia, Epirus, But With Roots From The Village Of Avdella In Grevena, Macedonia, He Was A Greek Orthodox Bishop And Leader Of 2 Revolts Against The Turks In 1600...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 41 seconds
Comment 0 . Views 1
SEPTEMBER 12TH, 1829 - THE BATTLE OF PETRA
September 12th, 1829 - The Battle of Petra
September 12th, 1829 - The Battle Of Petra

The Village Of Petra, Between Livadeia And Thebes In Sterea Ellada, Was The Site Of The Final Battle Of The 1821 Greek Revolution.

Around 3000 Greeks, Under The Leadership Of Dimitrios...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 2 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 2
SEPTEMBER 13TH, 1922 - THE GREAT FIRE OF SMYRNI
September 13th, 1922 - The Great Fire of Smyrni
September 13th, 1922 - The Great Fire Of Smyrni

Smyrni On The Western Anatolian Coast, Was Once One Of The Worlds Richest And Most Cosmopolitan Metropolises, Twice As Many Greeks Lived There, As They Did In Athens. Greeks Have A Long And...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 3 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 2
SEPTEMBER 14TH - GREEK GENOCIDE REMEMBRANCE DAY
September 14th - Greek Genocide Remembrance Day
September 14th - Greek Genocide Remembrance Day

September 14th, Was Designated As The Date, To Commemorate All The Victims Of The Greek Genocide, Committed By The Turks Between 1914 And 1923.

1,000,000 Greeks From - Pontos,...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 3 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 2
SEPTEMBER 14TH, 1814 - FILIKI ETAIREIA
September 14th, 1814 - Filiki Etaireia
September 14th, 1814 - Filiki Etaireia

September 14th 1814, Saw The Founding Of The Most Important Secret Greek Organisation, Which Was Formed To Overthrow Ottoman Rule Over The Greeks.

Emmanouil Xanthos From Patmos, Nikolaos...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 4 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
AMBROSIOS OF MOSCHONISIA (1872 - SEPTEMBER 15, 1922)
Ambrosios of Moschonisia (1872 - September 15, 1922)
Ambrosios Of Moschonisia (1872 - September 15, 1922)

Born Ambrosios Pleianthidis, He Was From Smyrni And Was The Greek Orthodox Metropolitan Of The Moschonisia, A Group Of Greek Islands Off The Coast Of Kydonies (Aivali) In Asia Minor.read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 5 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 2
SEPTEMBER 16TH, 1943 - VIANNOS MASSACRES
September 16th, 1943 - Viannos Massacres
September 16th, 1943 - Viannos Massacres

During The Nazi German Invasion And Subsequent Occupation Of Greece During WW2, The Nazi Germans Committed Many Many War Crimes On Greek Soil.

In September Of 1943, The Nazi Germans...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 5 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
NIKOLAOS VOTSIS (1877 - SEPTEMBER 17, 1931)
Nikolaos Votsis (1877 - September 17, 1931)
Nikolaos Votsis (1877 - September 17, 1931)

From The Island Of Hydra, Nikolaos Votsis Was A Greek Naval Officer Who Distinguished Himself During The Balkan Wars (1912-13), He Was Descended From The Prominent Kountouriotis Family On His...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 6 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 2
GEORGIOS TSONTOS (1871 - SEPTEMBER 1942)
Georgios Tsontos (1871 - September 1942)
Georgios Tsontos (1871 - September 1942)

From Sfakia In Crete, He Fought In The Cretan Revolt Of 1897, He Was A Macedonian Fighter, A Military Leader For The Autonomous Republic Of Northern Epirus, A Lieutenant General In The Hellenic Army...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 7 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 4
MARINOS MITRALEXIS (1916 - SEPTEMBER 19, 1948)
Marinos Mitralexis (1916 - September 19, 1948)
Marinos Mitralexis (1916 - September 19, 1948)

From Messinia In The South-west Of The Peloponnese, He Was A Distinguished Greek Fighter Pilot During WW2.

He Enrolled In The Hellenic Air Force Academy, Where He Graduated In...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 8 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
GIORGOS SEFERIS (MARCH 13, 1900 - SEPTEMBER 20, 1971)
Giorgos Seferis (March 13, 1900 - September 20, 1971)
Giorgos Seferis (March 13, 1900 - September 20, 1971)

Born In The Town Of Vourla, Near Smyrni In Ionia, He Was A Diplomat And Poet, One Of The Most Important Greek Poets Of The 20th Century, Awarded The Nobel Prize For Literature In 1963.read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 9 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
SEPTEMBER 22ND, 480BC - THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS
September 22nd, 480BC - The Battle of Salamis
September 22nd, 480BC - The Battle Of Salamis

It Was A Naval Battle Fought Between The Alliance Of Greek City-States Under Themistocles Of Athens & Eurybiades Of Sparta, Against The Persian Empire Under Xerxes, In The Saronic Gulf.
read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 10 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
SEPTEMBER 23RD, 1821 - THE SIEGE OF TRIPOLITSA
September 23rd, 1821 - The Siege of Tripolitsa
September 23rd, 1821 - The Siege Of Tripolitsa

Before The Greek Revolution Of 1821, Tripoli Was The Most Important Administrative, Military And Economic Centre Of The Peloponnese. A Strategically Important Town, As It Was Centrally Located...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 10 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
ANDREAS LONDOS (1786 - SEPTEMBER 24, 1846
Andreas Londos (1786 - September 24, 1846
Andreas Londos (1786 - September 24, 1846)

From Aigio In The North Of The Peloponnese, He Was A Fighter, Later A Colonel And A Politician In Post-Revolution Greece.

From The Prominent Londos Family Of Aigio, His Grandfather...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 26 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
NIKITAS STAMATELOPOULOS (1782 - SEPTEMBER 25, 1849)
Nikitas Stamatelopoulos (1782 - September 25, 1849)
Nikitas Stamatelopoulos (1782 - September 25, 1849)

From Messinia In The Southwest Of The Peloponnese, He Was A Revolutionary, Patriot, A Ferocious Combatant And A Loyal Greek, Who For His Exploits During The Greek War Of Independence,...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 27 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
KONSTANTINOS SMOLENSKIS (1843 - SEPTEMBER 27, 1915)
Konstantinos Smolenskis (1843 - September 27, 1915)
Konstantinos Smolenskis (1843 - September 27, 1915)

Born Into A Family From Moschopoli, Northern Epirus, That Later Relocated To The Hapsburg Empire. Konstantinos Father Leonidas, Who Was An Austrian Army Officer, Wished To Return To Greece...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 28 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
IOANNIS KAPODISTRIAS (FEBRUARY 10, 1776 - SEPTEMBER 27, 1831)
Ioannis Kapodistrias (February 10, 1776 - September 27, 1831)
Ioannis Kapodistrias (February 10, 1776 - September 27, 1831)

Born In Kerkyra & With Roots From Cyprus, Kapodistrias Was A Patriot, Statesman, Politician, A Former Russian Foreign Minister & The 1st Head Of State Of Modern Greece.
read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 28 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
GEORGIOS SISINIS (1769 - SEPTEMBER 27, 1831)
Georgios Sisinis (1769 - September 27, 1831)
Georgios Sisinis (1769 - September 27, 1831)

Born In Gastouni In The Northwest Of The Peloponnese, He Was The Political And Military Leader Of The Region Of Ileia, During The 1821 Greek Revolution.

Descended From The Wealthy...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 29 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 4
KONSTANTINOS CHRISTOU 'KAPETAN KOTTAS' (1863 - SEPTEMBER 27, 1905)
Konstantinos Christou 'Kapetan Kottas' (1863 - September 27, 1905)
Konstantinos Christou 'Kapetan Kottas' (1863 - September 27, 1905)

From Florina, Macedonia, He Was A Captain & Fighter During The Greek Struggle For Macedonia (1904-08).

He Was A Leading Figure In The Bi-lingual Slavic Speaking...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 32 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 3
ANTONIS KATSANTONIS (1775 - SEPTEMBER 28, 1809)
Antonis Katsantonis (1775 - September 28, 1809)
Antonis Katsantonis (1775 - September 28, 1809)

From Agrafa In Sterea Ellada, An Area Known For Its Fierce Resistance To Ottoman Rule, He Was A Famous Greek Armatolos, During The Period Before The 1821 Greek Revolution.

Initially...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 43 minutes
Comment 0 . Views 11
OLDEST HUMAN EVER FOUND IN EGYPT BROUGHT TO LIFE IN STUNNING NEW FACIAL APPROXIMATION
Oldest human ever found in Egypt brought to life in stunning new facial approximation
Oldest Human Ever Found In Egypt Brought To Life In Stunning New Facial Approximation

A Lifelike Facial Approximation Of A Man Who Lived 30,000 Years Ago In What Is Now Egypt May Offer Clues About Human Evolution.

In 1980,...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 hour
Comment 0 . Views 5
HISTORY OF MAMMY MARKET
History of Mammy Market
History Of Mammy Market

It Was In 1959. Mammy Ode, A Young Girl From Jericho-Ugboju In The Present Otukpo Local Government Area Of Benue State Was Married To Anthony Aboki Ochefu, A Young Non-Commissioned Military Officer Who Had Just Been...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 hour
Comment 0 . Views 4
FIVE RULING HOUSES OF AKARIGBO IN OFIN
FIVE RULING HOUSES OF AKARIGBO IN OFIN
FIVE RULING HOUSES OF AKARIGBO IN OFIN.

1.LIYANGUN / ERINJUGBO
2.KOYELU
3.OWARODO
4.TORUNGBUWA
5.ANOKO.

The Akarigbo Owa Olofin Ajaye Alapo Ekun Has Four Children They Are 1.Liyangu First...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 3 hours
Comment 0 . Views 6
WHO IS DR OLAYEMI CARDOSO?
Who Is Dr Olayemi Cardoso?
Olayemi Michael Cardoso Hails From Lagos State. He Spent His Formative Years In The Vibrant City And Received His Primary Education At Corona School Ikoyi, Followed By His Secondary Education At St Gregorys College, Both Within Lagos. His Father, Felix...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 21 hours
Comment 0 . Views 6
LABOUR PARTY DECLARES SUPPORT FOR PROPOSED NLC AND TUC STRIKE
Labour Party Declares Support for Proposed NLC and TUC Strike
Labour Party Declares Support For Proposed NLC And TUC Strike

The Labour Party Has Expressed Support For The Indefinite Strike Declared By The Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) And The Trade Union Congress (TUC) To Press Home Their Demands...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 21 hours
Comment 0 . Views 5
THE STORY OF EPE LAND AND HOW EPE LAND WAS FOUNDED
The Story of Epe Land and How Epe Land was Founded
The Story Of Epe Land And How Epe Land Was Founded

History

In Years Past, Before This Settlement Came To Be Called Epe, The Town Had Earlier Been Known As Igbo Obo (Forest Of Monkeys). Some Group Of Hunters From Ijebu, Led...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 6
HISTORY OF AWAMARO AND EWI,THE FOUNDER OF ADO-EKITI LAND
History of Awamaro and Ewi,The founder of Ado-Ekiti land
History Of Awamaro And Ewi,The Founder Of Ado-Ekiti Land

The Founder Of The Ado Kingdom Was A Prince Of Ile-ife Named Awamaro(the Restless One) And Ewi (the Speaker). He Is Said To Have Left Ile-ife With His Elder Brother Oranmiyan And...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 5
THE HISTORY AKINORUN,THE BRAVE HUNTER AND FOUNDER OF IKIRUN LAND
The history Akinorun,The brave hunter and founder of Ikirun land
The History Akinorun,The Brave Hunter And Founder Of Ikirun Land

Samurano

Ikirun Is A Town In Osun State, Nigeria.

It Is The Headquarters Of Ifelodun Local Government Area. IKIRUN HISTORICAL CITY IN YORUBALANDread more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 5
HISTORY OF AKINJOLE OGIYAN,THE FOUNDER OF EJIGBO LAND
History of Akinjole Ogiyan,The founder of Ejigbo land
History Of Akinjole Ogiyan,The Founder Of Ejigbo Land

Ejigbo Is A Major Yoruba Town In Osun State Of Nigeria. It Is About 40 Kilometres (25 Mi) To Oshogbo, The Capital Of Osun State.

According To Oral History, Ejigbo Is An...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 4
REASON FOR NAME GIVEN TO ALL HILLS(OKE) IN IBADAN AND THEIR ORIGIN
Reason for name given to all hills(oke) in Ibadan and their Origin
Reason For Name Given To All Hills(oke) In Ibadan And Their Origin

The Okes In Ibadan And Their Origins

There Are Many Areas In Ibadan Starting With The Word " Oke". Though The Word "Oke" Is Usually Understood As Meaning...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 5
HISTORY OF LAKANLE,THE POWERFUL WARLORD AND LEADER OF IBADAN LAND
History of Lakanle,The powerful warlord and leader of Ibadan land
Lakanle Came To Ibadan From Ogbomoso, And As We Pointed Out In Maye Okunades Story, He Was The Leader Of The Oyo Faction Of The Warriors Who Helped To Destroy Olowu Akinjobis Owu Kingdom And Decided To Stay Back In The Ibadan. Lakanle, Alongside The Likes...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 4
BIOGRAPHY OF ANTAR BABATUNDE LANIYAN
Biography of Antar Babatunde Laniyan
Biography Of Antar Babatunde Laniyan,One Of The Best Yoruba Movies Actor And Producer

Full Name: Antar Babatunde Laniyan.

Stage Name: Antar Laniyan

Date Of Birth: May 26.

Education: Theatre Arts,...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 4
THE HISTORY OF OLALOMI OLOFA-GANGAN
The history of Olalomi Olofa-gangan
The History Of Olalomi Olofa-gangan,The Powerful Hunter And Founder Of Offa In Kwara State

Omo Abisu Jooko!

'

OFFA Is A Major Town In South West Of The Niger In Nigeria. It Is Located In The South Eastern Part...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 6
THE STORY OF ORANGUN FAGBAMILA AJAGUNLA
The story of Orangun Fagbamila Ajagunla
The Story Of Orangun Fagbamila Ajagunla,The Powerful Warlord In Ila Orangun And Yoruba Land Entirely

Samurano

The Ancient City Of Ila-Orangun Is Situated On Latitude 8 Degree North Of The Equator And Longitude 4 Degree East...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 4
BIOGRAPHY AND NET WORTH OF KELVIN NGOZI IKEDUBA,ONE OF THE BEST YORUBA MOVIE ACTOR
Biography and Net Worth of Kelvin Ngozi Ikeduba,One of the best Yoruba movie Actor
Biography And Net Worth Of Kelvin Ngozi Ikeduba,One Of The Best Yoruba Movie Actor

Kelvin Ngozi Ikeduba Is His Full And Real Name. He Is Widely Known And Addressed As Kelvin Ikeduba.

He Is A Nigerian Popular Actor And Television...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 4
BIOGRAPHY OF TIWATOPE SAVAGE BALOGUN
Biography of Tiwatope Savage Balogun
Tiwatope Savage-Balogun (born 5 February 1980), Better Known By Her Stage Name Tiwa Savage, Is A Nigerian Singer, Songwriter, Performer And Actress. She Is Currently Signed To Sony/ATV Music Publishing As A Songwriter. Savage Signed A Recording Contract...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 5
THE STORY OF OWA OBOKUN,THE POWERFUL WARLORD IN YORUBA LAND
The story of Owa Obokun,The powerful warlord in Yoruba land
A Grandson Of Ajibogun Ajaka (Ubiquitous Warrior) Owa Obokun Onida Arara, One Of The Most Accomplished Son Of Oduduwa, The Progenitor Of The Yoruba Race Of South-Western Nigeria And Benin Republic." Ijesha, As A Historic Town Is One Of The Oldest Settlements...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 4
BIOGRAPHY OF WALE AKOREDE(OKUNNU),ONE OF THE BEST YORUBA FUNNY ACTOR AND A PRODUCER
Biography of Wale Akorede(Okunnu),One of the best Yoruba Funny Actor and a producer
Nollywood Has Great Talented Actors, And Wale Akorede Populary Known As Okunnu Is One Of Them. Wale Akorede Is An Actor, A Script Writer, A Director And A Producer. He Is Popularly Know For His Comic And Funny Roles Most Especially In Yoruba Movies. He...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 5
MOHBAD BIOGRAPHY, CAUSE OF DEATH, AGE, REAL NAME, NET WORTH
MohBad Biography, Cause Of Death, Age, Real Name, Net Worth
Ilerioluwa Oladimeji Aloba (born 8 June 1996-12 September 2023), Known Professionally As MohBad, Was A Nigerian Rapper, Singer And Songwriter From Lagos. He Was Formerly Signed To Naira Marleys Marlian Records And Left The Label In 2022. He Was Best Known...read more
Author: adex3gadex3g 1 day
Comment 0 . Views 4
There are currently 0 users view this page
0 Members || 0 Guests
INSURANCE INVESTMENT PLANS(25) CRYPTOCURRENCY INVESTMENT(91) FORUM FRANçAIS(16) ENTERTAINMENT(1.1K) CAREER(6) SCIENCE(8) MUSIC(4) SPORTS(36) RELIGION(92) FOOD AND HEALTH(1K) EDUCATION(1.2K) RELATIONSHIP(172) TECHNOLOGY(167) FINANCE(242) MUSIC(43) SITE INFORMATION(4) BABA IJEBU LOTTO AND RESULTS(3.4K) PHONES(33) COMPUTERS(9) WEB &APPS PROGRAMMING(30) JOBS & VACANCIES(6) QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(17) WEBMASTERS(268) FOOTBALL NEWS(553) ANIMALS(73) STORIES AND HISTORIES(5K) CRIME(1.3K) POLITICS(3.1K) JOKES(55) CULTURE(103)