Are you online? Definitely you are! And thats how you are able to read this blog right now. I want to share information as regards to my learning and to make us understand IPv4 addressing and how it works.
To start with, what is IP Address? IP connote Internet Protocol also known as logical address they are those numerical sequences that look like 192.168.0.15. Its a series of numbers used to identify a device on a network is called an IP address. Everyone is familiar with it one way or the other most especially those who has ever worked with computers. Our devices and networks take care of that behind the scenes, Each device on a network will have a unique host ID, but they will all share the same network ID.
Network ID: The network ID is a piece of the IP address beginning from the left that recognizes the particular network on which the device is found. When making use of home network, where a gadget has the IP address 192.168.1.34, the 192.168.1 piece of the address will be the network ID. It's custom to fill in the lacking last piece with a zero, so we could say that the network ID of the gadget is 192.168.1.0.
Host ID: The host ID is the piece of the IP address not taken up by the network ID. It recognizes a particular devices (in TCP/IP , we reference devices as "hosts") on that network. Proceeding with our illustration of the IP address 192.168.1.34, the host ID would be 34 the host's unique ID on the 192.168.1.0 network.
IP address in the OSI model, belong to Layer 3, the network layer. As of today, we have got two main type of IP: IPv4 and IPv6. IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) is an integer with 32 bits, whereas IPv6 has 128 bits. In other words, IPv4 addresses have 4 bytes, whereas IPv6 addresses have 16. Once we begin to see how that looks then we will be able to comprehend. An IP address is generally a bunch of four numbers. In an IP, each set of three numbers is referred to as an octet. Each octet contains 8 bits, making the grand total for an entire address which result to 32 bits. The range of each number is from 0 to 255. Consequently, the entire IP addressing range extends from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.2
How Does Your Gadget Get Its IP Address? | Private IP addresses
We know the fundamentals of how IP tends to function, we should discuss how devices get to know it IP. There are basically two kinds of IP addressing include but not limited to dynamic and static.
IPv4 gives 4.3 billion addresses. There are in excess of 8 billion individuals and a far more prominent number of gadgets that need to connect to the internet. This issue was tackled with the making of Private IP addresses that would work only on a LAN yet can't be utilized over the internet.
A dynamic IP address automatically connect a gadget to a network. By far most of networks today (home network is iclusive) use something many refer to as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to get this going. DHCP is incorporated into your router. At the point when a gadget connects with the network, it conveys a broadcast message mentioning an IP address. DHCP gets this message, and afterward assigns an IP address to that gadget from a pool of accessible IP addresses.
There are sure private IP address ranges routers will use for this purpose that is to assign an IP address to a device. Which is utilized relies upon who made your router, or set of instructions you have laid yourself. Those private IP ranges include:
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255: The router given by your ISP assigns addresses here which made it default. This is within Class A address range of 1.0.0.0 to 127.0.0.0, in which the first bit is 0.
172.16.0.0 - 172.16.255.255: This range of IP is seldom utilized by any commercial vendors. This is within Class B address range of 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.0.0, in which the first two bits are 10.
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255: Most business switches are set up to assigns IP from this range. It contains around 65,000 addresses. The network ID is 192.168.0 while the host ID is 172. All devices on a network will share the network ID but have different host IDs. This is within Class C range of 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.0, in which the first three bits are 110.
224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255: The first four bits in the address are 1110. This is within Class D address range known to be multicast.
169.254.0.0 - 169.254.255.255: This is within Class E address range. This is an exceptional range utilized by a protocol named Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA). On the off chance that your PC (or other gadget) is set up to recover its IP address automatically, yet can't find a DHCP server, it assigns itself an address range. If privilegde to see one of these addresses, it lets you know that your gadget couldn't reach at the DHCP server when it went in search of an IP address, and you might experience a networking issue or difficulty with your switch.
What to take not about dynamic addresses is that they can at times change. DHCP servers rent IP addresses to devices, and when those leases are up, the gadgets should renew the rent. Some of the time, gadgets will get an alternate IP address from the pool of addresses the server can assign.
More often than not, this is certainly not no joking matter, and everything will "simply work". Sporadically, nonetheless, you should give a gadget an IP address that doesn't change. For instance, perhaps you have a gadget that you really want to get to physically, and you find it more straightforward to recall an IP address than a name. Or on the other hand perhaps you have certain applications that can only connect to network devices gadgets utilizing their IP address.
In those cases, you can assign out a static IP address to those gadgets. There are two or three methods for doing this. You can manually configure the gadget with a static IP address yourself, although this can once in a while be janky. The other, more exquisite arrangement is to configure your switch to assign static IP address to specific gadgets during what might ordinarily be dynamic task by the DHCP server. Like that, the IP address never shows signs of change, yet you don't intrude on the DHCP cycle that keeps everything working without a hitch.
The first three (classes A, B and C) are commonly used in creating subnets. I will talk about subnetting in next post.
What is Public IP?
Public IP is an address that is publicly available on the internet. Navigate to your browser, make a Google search and type in What is my IP?. Your public IP address will come up.
Public IP Address
If you have anything to further add to this content explaining how our IPv4 addressing works, please dont hesitate to make use of the comment box below.
Conclusion
Instead of being represented in decimals as it should be, your IP is transformed into a 32-bit binary format for the computer to comprehend. The typical format for 192.168.10.1 is 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000001. This format works with computers.
This binary representation of 32 only applies to IPv4.
IPv6 was developed because we will soon run out of IP addresses. It has a hexidecimal address size of 128 bits.
A default gateway, a dns to resolve IP to the FQDN example Infosecwithcybersam.com.ng, and a NAT to translate your local IP into a public routable IP are all necessary for your phone or computer to connect to the internet.
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